Intelligence Reporting and Security Essay Example For Students

Intelligence Reporting and Security Essay 30 March 2002INTELLIGENCE REPORTING AND SECURITYIntelligence report writing takes a lot of preparation before finalizing or conducting a brief. There are many different techniques that can be used to present information that has been discovered during an intelligence investigation. Various charts can be used to analyze the timelines, criminal activities, financial activities, or biographical profiles to prove or disprove lawful conduct of the individual or the organization. The activity flow chart shows the different steps that have been taken in a complex operation. By breaking the steps down, it becomes easier for the analyst and law enforcement organizations to identify the misconduct of a complicated operation. The activity flow chart is also used along with other charts to help further demonstrate probable activity. Assessments are made after and during a strategic investigation. These assessments help to move from a broad or well-defined position and further investigate closer to the source(s). There are two types of assessments: General and Specific. A general assessment provides an overview while a specific assessment can disclose threats and vulnerabilities. An Association analysis is used to show the relationships between people, groups, or organizations to show criminal or non-criminal activity. The association matrix is used as an interim product that includes police reports, surveillance reports, field interviews, corporate records, testimony, informant data, public record data, and other information. The association analysis can be used to indicate other possible criminal activity. The association chart is used in conjunction with the association analysis to depict relationships. The way that the chart is used can provide new information about a network or the operational mode of a conspiracy. In order to interpret the association chart, a few mechanisms must be understood. First, the person in the center of the chart may not be the head of the criminal activity or conspiracy. More likely than not, this person may merely be the easiest person to contact and track by the analyst. Second, the association chart is only a snapshot and relationships may change from day to day. An association matrix is chart made up of rows and columns depicting every relationship that an individual has. Information is taken from investigative reports, public records, and testimony. Each person that is associated will also have as many known other relationships as well. Another type of an analysis that can be utilized is the bank record analysis. This is simply following the money trail and tracking how much money is being spent. The money that is spent can lead directly to other entities that may need to be uncovered in order to draw a clear picture about a criminal activity. This type of analysis can uncover illegal income, skimming, business fraud, or money laundering. The use of time line events is also very helpful in drawing a picture of activities occurring over a period of time. There are a couple of ways to use a timeline. One can be used to judge an individuals or an organizations criminal activity from day to day and another can be used to demonstrate a pattern i n an area of similar criminal activity. The latter can be used to assess the threat or vulnerability of a particular area. The telephone record analysis is used to find out more information about whom the suspect is contacting. The data can be generated from telephone bills or non-audio wire intercepts (dialed numbered recorders or pen registers). A dialed number recorder (DNR) machine will provide information on all the numbers that are a made from a telephone line. Keeping track of the calls made from known criminals can open doors to finding out new unknown conspirators. A telephone record chart is a tool used to visually see all of the calls made from one or several lines. Many times, several telephone records will be obtained to demonstrate the back and forth telephone calls as well as calls made to other sources. The visual chart is easier to understand than sheets of typed information and should be analyzed to determine its meaning. Puritans EssaySome guidelines for an oral report are find out how much time is allotted, identify the audience, plan the brief, choose the key points, develop graphics for presentation, memorize sources/documentation for material in visuals, develop potential questions, and practice. The three keys mentioned above along with the guidelines will enable any analyst to give an oral report that will not put the audience to sleep. Probably the most important guideline is to identify the audience. You will not be able to talk about the physics involved with the analysis to a group of street cops, therefore you will have to keep the information basic as long as you make your point and dont leave anything out. Security surrounds the intelligence process. There are many different types of security, the first being operations security. Operations security is the controlling of any facts about an operation/activity to avoid compromising the entire operation. The steps that can be reviewed prior to or during the planning of a law enforcement operation are identifying critical information, conducting a threat analysis, performing a vulnerability analysis, applying countermeasures. A countermeasure is anything that is done to counter the adversarys ability to access or exploit your information. One-way to compromise an entire operation is to disclose just a little bit of information about it. If you tell a little and someone else says a little and another leaks a little, then the entire operation will be known if the wrong person puts it all together. The best way to avoid an operation being compromised is to not leak anything at all. The role of counterintelligence in law enforcement is to impl ement countermeasures and to try and find out what the criminal may or may not know about any operation. The counterintelligence officer is basically the checks and balances of the agency. Their job is to keep the agency from compromising information as well as obtaining as much intelligence about the adversarys knowledge as well. Communication security involves cryptography, transmission security, etc; and physical security is the actual gate guard and physical barriers that block unclassified personnel from obtaining any information. The use of documents security is another way to ensure that unclassified personnel are aware that the item that they may be trying to look at is classified, and all classified items should be clearly marked in order to avoid any confusion. Intelligence reporting and security are not simple tasks and do deserve a lot of attention. In order for information to be reported correctly it must be researched/collected and analyzed with an unbiased eye. A lot of times an investigator has a sole purpose of convicting a suspect, whereas the analyst has a sole purpose of getting and relaying as much information about a subject as possible. The analyst must keep in mind that all facts should be disclosed to appropriate personnel and after processed, protected from anyone that does not have the need or the right to know. SOURCES USEDLowenthall, M.M. INTELLIGENCE: FROM SECRETS TO POLICY. Washington, DC: CQ Press, 2000. (Chap 7)Peterson, M.B. APPLICATIONS IN CRIMINAL ANALYSIS. Westport,CT: Praeger Publishers, 1998. (Chap 2 and 3)Peterson, M.B. INTELLIGENCE 2000: REVISING THE BASICELEMENTS. Sacramento, CA: LEIU, 2000. (Chap 9 and 12)Sulc, L.B. LAW ENFORCEMENT: COUNTER INTELLIGENCE. ShawneeMission, KS: Varro Press, 1996. (Part 1 Section 1, Part 2Section 10, Appx A)

Urban Sprawl Essays (1226 words) - Human Geography, Urban Planning

Urban Sprawl Urban Sprawl Introduction I. Each morning, millions of Americans start their engines and grind their way to work. They leave quiet settings for the hustle and bustle of the cities. When evening approaches, these same people make their way home. Home, however, is no longer just across town. Many of these people will commute miles and miles to their *country= homes. II. They are not alone in their commute though - the entire rest of the subdivision is doing the exact same thing, day in and day out. They endure the traffic, lost time, and general inconvenience to be surrounded by farmland and open space and a hundred or so homes exactly identical to theirs. (Transition)Today I am going to discuss urban sprawl, its history, causes and effects. First lets discuss the history. III. Urban sprawl has always been a problem in a sense; however not until the automobile was sprawl a serious issue. With the arrival of the automobile, people could live farther a way from work and not have to live in the city. Up until then mostly farmers and ranchers lived outside the city. So the issue became a bigger issue with faster and better cars. Many people were now able to live the American Dream, rural life. A house of their own, out of town enough to be quiet, but never too far from civilization. a. But then something happens, the *open space= that they fell in love with is slowly devoured by housing, shopping malls, and believe it or not other people. b. The rolling fields that once marked their freedom are now browning and dotted with homes. This makes the *original= homeowner unhappy. They write editorials asking questions and demanding answers. Both silently and aloud they fume: how dare the farmer sell out his heritage, the land is more valuable as farmland, right?, how dare the developer exploit the land (don=t they care about our earth?), how dare the politician allow this activity (aren=t we paying them to represent us?), and how dare the home buyer have the audacity to move there. So sure are they in their quest for justice that they never stop to consider one simple fact: they once were newcomers too. And before them, the land was open space or farmland. The developer *exploited= the land that they fell in love with, the politician *allowed= their home to be built, and they were *audacious= enough to inhabit it. IV. So the circle begins. We as a country are facing an epidemic of unknown proportions: age - old expansionist attitudes. Urban sprawl has made a definite impact on environment, agriculture, and economy. (Transition) So what exactly is Urban Sprawl. Body I. Henry R. Richmond who wrote From Sea to Shining Sea: gives us a good definition: AThe terms Aurban [emailprotected] and [emailprotected] are often used to describe the continuous out-migration of the American economic and population base from its central citiesYmajor cities are surrounded by seas of low density residential development highlighted byYAEdge [emailprotected] or Asuburban [emailprotected], where commercial, retail, office, and entertainment development has [emailprotected] This description describes the trend overtaking rural America. The land that once fed the populace is being used to house the masses. This phenomenon is being met with a variety of opinions - all of them strong one is going to affect us in the most harmful way. (Transition) Now that we have an idea what exactly urban sprawl is, let me inform you of the problems caused, starting with environmentally, then agriculturally and economically. II. One of the strongest positions regarding urban sprawl belongs to that of those concerned with the environment. On such advocate is Kathryn Hohmann, the Sierra Club=s Director of the Environmental Quality Program. The Sierra Club is a national, grassroots environmental organization, with more than a half-million members. She stated in her testimony before the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee that: AThe problems of sprawl can only be solved by a concerted and continuing effort at the local, state, and federal [emailprotected] Hohmann goes on to point out several of the main issues intertwined with sprawl -such as that of traffic congestion. She states that sprawl gives us no choice but to drive further to

Essay Writing - Sample Essay Letter of Inquiry

Essay Writing - Sample Essay Letter of InquiryIt is always wise to send a sample essay to the professors and also one for the Dean of Admissions. In order to make the essay as neat as possible, then it is wise to follow the same rules to get a perfectly clean sample essay. However, if there are any mistakes in the sample essay then you should understand that these are not necessarily due to the common rules but can happen due to some minor issue.The fact is that even a perfect sample essay gets imperfections and thus it is important to avoid the same. Sometimes the mistake occurs as one of the very first thing in writing a college essay. And this happens when you do not know how to make a sample essay perfect. Here are few things to do in order to avoid these.First, do not make proper word choice. You have to keep in mind that every word should be properly chosen because it plays an important role in the article. That is why if you are not careful in making the word choice then you a re going to miss out the best words. You should remember that the essay is for the college admissions.Second, make a proper letter format. Also, remember that every single letter must look neat and clean. Therefore, you have to be careful when it comes to the letter format.Third, keep the facts straight in the essay. Any information which is found incorrect should be pointed out clearly. In order to avoid these problems then you have to learn proper point from the school.Fourth, make a sample of the sample. There are cases where the reader reads the sample and feels that it is the true one. This is because they have not been to read the entire sample. So, keep this fact in mind while writing the sample essay.Last, you should not avoid writing about the subject of the essay. You should always include the article in the essay.

His Promised Land book review essays

His Promised Land book review essays The autobiography of John P. Parker, a former slave and conductor of the Underground Railroad, could be best described as the life time battle of one man against slavery of the African American people. In his own definition of this great injustice, that sadly effected many lives, Parker describes slavery as a phenomenon that "was the making of a human being as an animal without hope . . . and that slavery's curse was not pain of the body, but pain of the soul"(Parker, p26). This troubled him so much that he devoted his life to make a change. Although he often risked his own life along the way, he not only fought for his own freedom, but for the freedom of other slaves as well. His struggle takes place during the darkest time for blacks, particularly in the southern regions of the United States, and part of the most shameful of American history. Slavery was introduced in 1619 as a response to a shortage of labor in southern plantations. By the 1700s, the height of slavery, enslaved blacks came to outnumber whites in the south almost two to one. Between 1730 and 1760, as a response to a fear of black revolts, laws were passed to establish white control over the status of black slaves, enshrining it into law (Mckay, p895). Economics led to the social and legal institutionalization of black slavery, racist arguments were a means of justifying that institutionalization. In the last throws of the struggle, only years before Lincolns 1863 Emancipation Proclamation, that led the way for the eventual abolishment of slavery, Parkers struggle is significant because it was against a centuries old practice and a deeply entrenched institution in Southern states. Parker's memoirs reveal an interesting account of the life of a slave in the mid 1800s and, more important, as an Underground Railroad participant The Underground Railroad was a network of free African Americans and sympathetic whites that concealed, cl...

The History of the Valentines Day Origins

The History of the Valentines Day Origins St Valentines Day has roots in several different legends that have found their way to us through the ages. One of the earliest popular symbols of Valentines day is Cupid, the Roman god of love, who is represented by the image of a young boy with bow and arrow. Several theories surround the history of Valentines Day. Was There a Real Valentine? Three hundred years after the death of Jesus Christ, the Roman emperors still demanded that everyone believe in the Roman gods. Valentine, a Christian priest, had been thrown in prison for his teachings. On February 14, Valentine was beheaded, not only because he was a Christian, but also because he had performed a miracle. He supposedly cured the jailers daughter of her blindness. The night before he was executed, he wrote the jailers daughter a farewell letter, signing it From Your Valentine. Another legend tells us that this same Valentine, well-loved by all, received notes to his jail cell from children and friends who missed him. Bishop Valentine? Another Valentine was an Italian bishop who lived at about the same time, AD 200. He was imprisoned because he secretly married couples, contrary to the laws of the Roman emperor. Some legends say he was burned at the stake. Feast of Lupercalia The ancient Romans celebrated the feast of Lupercalia, a spring festival, on the 15th of February, held in honor of a goddess. Young men randomly chose the name of a young girl to escort to the festivities. With the introduction of Christianity, the holiday moved to the 14th of February. The Christians had come to celebrate February 14 as the saint day that celebrated the several early Christian martyrs named Valentine. Choosing a Sweetheart on Valentines Day The custom of choosing a sweetheart on this date spread through Europe in the Middle Ages, and then to the early American colonies. Throughout the ages, people also believed that birds picked their mates on February 14! In A.D. 496, Saint Pope Gelasius I declared February 14 as Valentines Day. Although its not an official holiday, most Americans observe this day. Whatever the odd mixture of origins, St. Valentines Day is now a day for sweethearts. It is the day that you show your friend or loved one that you care. You can send candy to someone you think is special and share a special song with them. Or you can send roses, the flower of love. Â  Most people send valentine a greeting card named after the notes that St. Valentine received in jail. Greeting Cards Probably the first greeting cards, handmade valentines, appeared in the 16th century. As early as 1800, companies began mass-producing cards. Initially, these cards were hand-colored by factory workers. By the early 20th century even fancy lace and ribbon strewn cards were created by machine.

Source analysis m8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Source analysis m8 - Essay Example Anne had an all-conquering charm and confidence that she used to make her irresistible and the king fell for her and was too in love that he allowed her to keep her at a distance for a long time while denying him intimacy as his groping hand allowed no further than her pretty knee up to the point when she certain they would get married. On his part, henry had a somewhat abnormal fixation with virginity and among the main issues that led to his divorce from his first marriage is the claim that she had lost her virginity before he married her even though at that time it was not an issue that seemed to matter (Warnicke 168). It is likely that it did not matter since he had been younger and sought to show people as well as Margaret, his grandmother, that marriage was a means of demonstrating that he was ready and had the ability to be responsible for the burdens and duties that come with kingship. It may also appear that marriage was his way of blustering to his sister Margaret who was second in line to inherit the throne through her husband. Henry had married his first wife with the belief that she was a virgin and when he decided to divorce her, his explanation for justifying his action was that she was not a virgin at the time of marriage. During the court hearing he availed blood stained sheets as proof which he believed would substantiate his claims and his first wife stated that she had pricked her heel and smeared the blood in order to make sure that Arthur’s dignity was spared (Lofts 38). Nonetheless, the divorce was successful and was consequently forgotten. However, after only three years with Anne, Henry decided to get rid of her after accusing her of incest and adultery as well as suspecting her of witchcraft even though he could not find any proof of this. Again, he tried to justify the divorce by stating that she was not a virgin at the time of marriage, however, in this case it was true as she was pregnant with

Srategic Quality Management Implementation Plan Assignment

Srategic Quality Management Implementation Plan - Assignment Example Citigroup Inc. has always made an effort to marshal as much support as possible to derive a consensus necessary to implement the SQM applicable. The effort would take longer to put in place, but at least it would be moving forward. In some settings, it is often difficult to get consensus on minor issues, and it is almost impossible on change initiatives which impact the whole organization (Peratec, 1995). To move forward the management must develop and distribute an improvement plan which is integrated into the strategic plan for the business. To be the most successful, an excellence or quality initiative should be an integral part of strategic and tactical operations of the business hence the Strategic Quality Management Assess Current Culture, Values and Operating Guidelines Citigroup Inc. uses quality information for improvement, and not to judge or control people, there are rewards for results, authority is equal to responsibility while cooperation, not competition, as a base for working together. Employees have an ownership stake, secure jobs and a climate of fairness. Top most is that compensation is equitable (Peratec, 1995). ISO9000 Broadly ISO9000 series concerns itself with the quality management purpose and it is as such the main focus in ensuring gradual and/or continuous improvement as a process as recognized in this firm. ISO9000 is concerned with quality management. To be able to meet the demands of ISO9000, an organization has to improve quality in at each stage, from design through to delivery, assessment and evaluation, through a formal and rigorous management system to ensure conformity of the product or service to its specification as per the customer wish. It requires that all the activities necessary to produce the product or service be documented if the quality system is to conform to the standard. Everybody in the firm needs to understand its implications and to work to the systems and follow the procedures that have been put in place. T he SQM model There is interplay, back and forth, between the elements; for example, consideration of what strategic actions if taken can provoke discussions of whether and how the strategy can be implemented with real effectiveness (Peratec, 1995). The tasks involved in strategic management are never isolated from everything else that falls within a manager's preview. Strategy has to be formulated and implemented in the midst of a managerial schedule that is fragmented with appointments, meetings, paperwork deadlines, unexpected problems, and momentary crises. It is incorrect to construe the job of managing strategy as the exclusive task of managers, even though it may well be the most important function they perform where organizational success or failure is concerned (Peratec, 1995). Formulating and implementing strategy must be regarded as something that is ongoing and that evolves. What qualifies as a surefire high-performance strategy today is sooner or later rendered stale by events unfolding both inside and outside the enterprise. The task of "strategizing" can never therefore be a one-time exercise. As a consequence, fine-tuning-type changes in strategic plans, and an occasional major change in strategic thrust, are normal and expected. The need to keep strategy in tune with an organization's changing situation makes the strategic management process dynamic and means that the prevailing strategy is